Chichen Itza History
Chichen Itza was considered a very large and important city of the people of Maya civilization. It is one of the seven wonders of the present day. It is included in the Seven Wonders by its specialty and its mysterious buildings. The construction of Chichen Itza was started by the people of Maya civilization from the 6th century which lasted till the 12th century. Located on Yucata, Mexico ,Chichen means the mouth of the well and Itza means Mayan people who lives in this place. Because there are many natural wells in the Yukata Peninsula. It got its name for this,It is one of the most visited archaeological sites in the world.
Chichen Itza
In the year 2015, Archaeologists had found an underground Vinod under it which no one had seen before.
Along with being a powerful and wealthy head of that time, this city was also working as a capital. After the construction of this city was completed, this city was controlled by Yucatan State for many years.Then the cycle of time moves forward and there comes a time when its decline begins, from some Mayan sources such as the Book of Chilam Balam of Chumayel, we get to know that there was a king of the Maya civilization. His name was HUNAC CEEL who captured Chichen Itza in the 13th century. It is believed that he himself had prophesied to become his king that all the natural ponds around Chichen Itza also have a terrible form. It is said that people were sacrificed here and whoever would have come out of the pond i.e. who would have survived the sacrifice could have predicted Prophecy .
Once it so happened that none of the people who had been sacrificed survived, so King Hunac Ceel himself jumped into the pond and he escaped and came out and predicted to become his king! With his becoming king, the ruins of Chichen Itza began. Another surprising thing is that people of all Maya race left this city. Historians and archaeologists have not been able to find reason till date why this happened! Hunac Ceel ruled this area for 200 to 300 years.
The people of Spain came to know about this place in the 15th century. The Spanish people wanted to occupy this place. In about 1532, the Spanish general Francisco de montejo sent his son Francisco Montejo Jr. to capture Yucara. When Fransisco Jr. reached Yucata State, he faced no opposition and occupied the spot. Montejo changed the name of this place to Ciudad Real and divided this place into different parts of his soldiers.
Due to which the Maya people were very angry and they started protesting against Montijo Jr., the Maya people blocked all help to the Spanish people and forced them to live in ruins. After months of no help, Montejo Jr. attacked the Maya people. Montejo's 150 soldiers were killed and francisco Montero Jr. escaped at night to save their lives. By 1535 AD, all the other soldiers fled from there. One wonders, how did the Mayans defeat the Spanish, armed with modern weapons? Franciseo attacked again with a large army and was victorious!
Modern History of Chichen Itza
The whole world came to know about this place in John Lloyd Stephen's book Incidents of Travel in Yukata (1843). After that in 1894 an American archaeologist named Edward Herbest Thompson bought this place. Edward did exploration at this place for 30 years. In it, Edward told about a terrible thing. He told that there is a cenote named cenote sagrado.Many things came out of that cenote, in which people's clothes, jewellery, weapons and skeletons of people were found, which shows that people were sacrificed here. Later the Mexican government took this place from Edward.
MAIN ATTRACTION OF CHICHEN ITZA
El Castilo
(The Temple of Kukulkan) is a pyramid-shaped building in the center of Chichen Itza.it's a step pyramid,Its height is 30 meters and it has 9 steprrace. Its steps are made at an angle of 45 degrees and the head of a snake is made on its steps begins.Talking about the inside of this building, inside it there is a Coach mool statue and a Jaguar Throne which is red in color. Some people believe that it is blood.
A mysterious thing is associated with this pyramid. This shows how knowledgeable and advanced the Maya people were.Equinox comes twice a year, which means that the center of the Sun and the center of the Earth are both facing each other.When this Equinox comes, a mysterious event happens in this pyramid. When the sun is rising in the morning, a snake-shaped shadow is seen going up from the ground on its steps and when the day is coming down, a snake will be seen coming down from its steps.This is possible only through very advanced technology. Even today people,Historians and Archaeologists think that how the Maya people would have built this pyramid thousands of years ago.
This pyramid was built with reference to the Maya calendar. Its pyramid has 91 steps on all four sides and if we add all these then its total is 365 which refer with 365 days.
TEMPLE OF WARRIORS
This is a very big temple and it has very big steps. The columns outside this temple are called warriors.Above it is a statue of a Chach mool It is said that the name of the bowl in the hand of this statue is Bowl of Sacrifice.
In that bowl the beating hearts of the warriors were taken out and sacrificed.
EL CARACOL
The people of Maya civilization were very advanced in astrology and for this reason they created EL CARACOL .Its doors and windows are made in such a way that people can see every astronomical events. It acted like their telescope.
MAIN BALL COURT
It is a very large ground type court, its dimension is 166/68 meters. It has big walls on both sides. The height of these walls is 12 meters.
There are pictures of snakes on these walls. There is a big shocking picture on them in which there are 2 players. A player has his knees on the ground and his head is severed.
On the other hand the second player is standing and holding player 1's head in his hand, which shows how terrible and violence the game must have been played here.
TEMPLE OF SKULLS
It is a platform a little above the surface of the ground in which the original skulls of those who sacrificed as well as the losers have been erected.
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